Engine



(N oMode l.)

S. N. SILVER.

' ENGINE.

Patented Jan. 8 1884.

WITNEEEEE Fig-2- I INVENITEIR I QMZ NV PETERS. HWLitbognpMn Wnhinglon. D. C-

L "wit TTES Parana FFICEQ SAMUEL NORMAN SILVER, OF AUBURN, ASSIGNOB TO THE CHANDLER WATER MOTOR COMPANY, OF LEVVISTON, MAINE.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,543, dated January 8,. 1884.

- Application filed March 12,1883. No model.) q

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SAM EL N. SILVER, of

Auburn, in the county of Androscoggin and State of Maine, have invented a new and use ful Improvement in Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in eX- plaining its nature, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of an engine having my improvement. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section thereof. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the portion of the engine containing the cylrepresented as applied to a hydraulic or water engine.

The invention relates especially to means for automatically controlling the speed of the engine and the quantity of water or other liquid used.

It also relates to certain details of construction, which will be described in connection with the description of said automatic mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the bed-plate or frame of the engine.

B is the compound cylinder or casing for the cylinders employed.

1) represents the cylinders, and any desirable number may be used. The compound cylinder or cylinder casing B has the radial cogs or teeth b, which engage with the. cogs or teeth b of the plate or disk b, which is secured at the end of the main shaft I). The chamber at the bottom of the cylinder in the casing Bis divided by a solid partition, 2, Fig. 4, into two passages opening against the end of cylinder B, and connected one, x, with the inlet-opening c, and the other, as, with the outlet or exhaust c. The sh aft 2) passes through at w, y y are boltholes.

In operation as a motor, the steam or water supply, under pressure by the inlet 0, exerts its force on the piston-heads in the compound cylinder 13, adjacent to the opening 00 on'one side of the partition .2. The pistons in the compound cylinder B on the opposite side of the partition 2 are adjacent to the exhaust-opening 00. One or more intermediate pistons are adjacent to the partition 2. The power, speed, and length of stroke depend on the inclination of the cylinder to the plate or disk b -that is, the more nearly in line the compound cylinder and the plate or disk bf, which is secured to the main shaft b*, the less the inclination of the cylinder and the shorter the stroke of the piston. As the pressure is applied to the ends of the pistons adjacent to the opening 00, they move upward, at the same time revolving the compound cylinder B, and when said pistons reach the opening 00 the water or steam is exhausted. Thus the pistons, acting on the plate or disk b revolve the compound cylinder, and this motion is transmitted to the disk bythe cogs or teeth 1; b and the main shaft attached to the disk is necessarily revolved. The compound cylinder is revolved upon the shaft 1) by its pistons 12, which operate directly upon the main shaft and upon the cylinder by means of the said plate or disk Z) and the radial cogs or teeth 1) upon the cylinder;

The construction thus far does not vary from that described in Patent No. 225, 651, with this exception The shaft b supporting the compound cylinder, is inclined, and its degree of inclination can be varied, as hereinafter specified, while the main shaft b is horizontal. In the said patent the shaft of the compound cylinder, which is also the main shaft, is horizontal. The compound-cylinder shaft 1) is supported by the frame 0, which also contains the supply-chamber c and the eXhaustchamber 0. The partition or stationary valve-plate at the lower end of the compound cylinder, between it and the supply and exhaust chambers, is like that described in said Patent No.225,651. Extending from the said frame or support 0- outwardly are the supply pipe 0 upon one side and the exhaust-pipe 0 upon the other, (see Figs. 1 and 3,) and these pipes are connected by couplings 0" c with the direct-sup ply pipe 0 and the escape-pipe c ,respectively. These couplings a 0 must be such as to per mit a revolving movement of the pipes c c and a swinging movement of the compound cylinder upon'the center The pipes c c are also utilized as arms or supports for holding or sustaining the compound cylinder, and they are supported at their outer ends by the arms 0", which have pivots c which enter holes in said pipes, and form the points or trunnions upon which they turn-that is, the supporting arms or pipes turn upon pivots 0 and upon the coupling-pipes 0* c and arms 0 are bolted to the plate or frame Aof the machine, and extend diagonally upward therefrom. I wish to state, however, that while I prefer this form of construction, I do not confine myself to it, and may use any other which will permit the compound cylinder to have the necessary movement upon the center 0 I have arranged below the compound cylinder the casing D, for receiving the drip which may escape from the pistons, and I have also arranged in the frame-Work A a depression, a, havingahole, a, for receiving the drip, and providing means for its escape. The main shaft 12 carries the driving or balance wheel E. It also carries a pulley, e, which is belted to the pulley 0 upon the short counter-shaft (2 which carries the governor c and is supported by suitable bearings,m, at the upper end of the brackets or arms m. This governor may be like any engine-governor suitable for the purpose, and in this case it comprises the disks e",having the arms c ,piv0ted at e to a bar secured the shaft, and the links eflattached to a sliding collar, 0 and spring 0". The collar is connected with the supply-valve e by means of the arm 6, secured to the end of the lever e? on the valve-spind1e e Any suitable form of valve may be employed, and the one which I prefer to use has a cross-section like that represented in Fig. 5, 6 being the water-way. This waterway, it will be observed, is narrower upon the inlet side of the valve, and therefore does not retard the flow of water through such orifice as maybe provided by the position of the valve. The cylinder B, preferably, is balanced by means of the weights F, which are adjustable upon the arms or levers f,eXtending from the pipes c c or some other portion of the cylinder-casing. Said weights are fastened to the arms f in any given position by set-sc1'ews, or in any other desirable way.

To operate the engine, the weights F are adjusted upon the arms f to balance or very nearly balance the compound cylinder and its attachments and the water-pressure to which it is to be submitted. The water or otherliquid is then admitted to the cylinder, causing the piston to revolve the main shaft, and the governor regulates the feed or supply of water or liquid, so that the engine always runs at the average speed to which it is set.

Of course this invention may be used in a v steam'or other engine, as well as in a hydraulic 7 i or water engine, in which case, to use the steam economically, a somewhat different arrangement of supply and exhaust mechanism would be necessary; and of course it can also be utilized as a pump in connection with other means for revolving the main shaft, the compound cylinder and pistons in that event becoming pumping mechanism.

It will be observed that by the mechanism herein described the stroke of the piston is varied automatically, and that the amount of water used is dependent upon the stroke of the piston,and varies as the stroke is increased or diminished. The object of this adjustment will be seen when it is stated that if the load upon the motor is decreased in any manner so as to demand a less power the stroke immemediately and automatically shortens, and the consumption of water is lessened. On the other hand, if the load is increased, the stroke of the piston is lengthened, and the throttle-- valve opened to admit the flow of an increased supply of water.

It will be noticed that the cylinder is supported on trunnions,and that the thrust of the piston is counterbalanced by one or more levers and weights at the side of the machine, and that at the least rise in pressure in the water-chest, consequent upon an increased load or wider opening of the throttle-valve by the governor on account of a decrease in speed, the increased thrust of the piston enlarges the angle upon which the cylinders are balanced, and with it the stroke and leverage of the pistons, and that when the water-pressure in the cylinder falls the reverse takes place. Thus is the volume of water used made exactly propor tional to the work done by the machine.

Having thus described my inventi0n,I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. The combination of the compound cylinder B, pivoted to swing or move, as described, and having one or more counterbalancingweights, its pistons If, the main shaft b", and devices connecting the pistons and cylinder with the main shaft, all substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with the revolving compound cylinder 13, pivoted to swing as described, its pistons b, the weight or weights 1 and means for adjusting their position in relation to the cylinder, the main shaft b and devices, substantially as specified, for connecting the cylinder and pistons with the main shaft, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination of the revolving com pound counterbalanced pivoted cylinder B, its pistons b, the shaft 12, and devices, sub stantially as specified, for connecting the cylinder and pistons with the shaft, with the governor c and the supply-valve e all substantially as and for the purposes described.

- 4. The combination of the revolving pivoted compound cylinder B, the supply and exhaust chambers c c, the tubular arms 0 0 which provide supply and exhaust passages, and the couplings 0* 0 all substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. lhe combination of the revolving pivoted compound cylinder B, the supply and exhaust chambers c c, the tubular arms c 0*, which provide supply and exhaust passages, the couplings c 0", and arms 0 having pivots c which enter the arms 0 0 ,311 substantially as 10 and for the purposes described.

6. The combination of the revolving, swinging,or pivoted compound cylinder B, and the frame or support 0, containing the supply and exhaust passages, and having arms c 0 by which it is pivoted or swung, all substantially I 5 as and for the purposes described.

SAMUEL NORMAN SILVER. Witnesses NATHAN W. HARRIS,

H. W. CAKES. 

